EN 31 alloy steel is a high carbon alloy steel known for its exceptional strength and wear resistance. With a carbon content of approximately 1.0%, this steel also contains significant amounts of chromium (around 1.2%), which contributes to its high hardness and ability to maintain its edge under severe working conditions. The alloy is typically supplied in the annealed condition, but it can be hardened and tempered to enhance its mechanical properties further. EN 31 is widely used in the manufacturing of components such as bearings, spindles, and gears, which demand high durability and resistance to abrasive wear. Its excellent machinability and ability to attain a highly polished finish make it a preferred material for precision tool making and other high-stress applications.